What are the requirements for high-purity helium and other carrier gases used in gas chromatography?

Helium   High purity helium

With the continuous development of the testing industry, chromatography has become increasingly prevalent in various sectors. Gas chromatography has been widely applied in fields such as petroleum, chemical engineering, medicine and health, and environmental protection. During the chromatographic analysis and detection process, high-purity hydrogen, nitrogen, helium, argon, and air are commonly used as carrier gases. Gas chromatographs have high purity requirements for the carrier gases used. If the purity of the carrier gas used is low, it can lead to a series of adverse effects.

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What are the requirements for the purity of the carrier gas in gas chromatography?

Due to the different types of instruments (high, medium, and low-end) used by each user, the specific choice of carrier gas purity is indeed a relatively complex issue. In principle, the selection of gas purity mainly depends on: ① the analysis target; ② the filler in the chromatographic column; and ③ the detector.

We recommend selecting carrier gases with a purity of over 99.999% as much as possible, provided that analytical requirements are met. This will not only enhance (maintain) the high sensitivity of the instrument but also prolong the lifespan of chromatographic columns and chromatographs (gas path control components, gas filters). Practice has proven that for medium to high-end instruments, long-term use of lower purity gas sources makes it extremely difficult to restore the instrument's high sensitivity when analyzing samples with low concentrations and high precision requirements. For low-end instruments used for macro or semi-micro analysis, selecting high-purity gases increases operating costs and sometimes complicates the gas path. Therefore, it is sufficient to select gases with a purity that meets or slightly exceeds the instrument's own requirements for gas purity. This approach not only meets work requirements but also prolongs the instrument's lifespan without increasing operating costs.

Generally speaking, the purity of the carrier gas for analytical or capillary chromatography should be higher than that for routine analysis. Especially for electron capture and thermal conductivity detector, the purity of the carrier gas directly affects sensitivity and stability, so it must be strictly purified.

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